How To Find Square Root In Python

In this tutorial, y'all'll acquire how to summate use Python to calculate the square root of a number, using the .sqrt() function. You'll learn how to do this with, and without, the popular math library that comes built into Python. Y'all'll also learn what a square root is, what limitations there are of foursquare roots, and how to summate the integer square root using the math.isqrt() function.

The Quick Answer: Use math.sqrt() to Calculate a Python Square Root

Square Root Quick Answer — Use the math library to summate a square root with Python!

Let'due south see what yous'll learn in this post!

What is a Foursquare Root?

In math, yous often hear of the square of a number, which is oft represented by a superscript 2. So, a square of a number north, would be represented by n² . The square of a number is calculated by multiplying the number by itself.

Because of this, the square of a number will always have some backdrop:

It volition always be a positive number (since the product of ii negative numbers is a positive number)
Can be either an integer or a floating betoken number

But why are nosotros learning virtually squares, if this article is about the foursquare root? The square root is much easier to sympathize when you sympathise the square of a number. This is because the square root is, quite literally, the root of the square.

What I mean by this, is that the foursquare root of due northⁱⁱ is due north. The square root of a number, say y, is frequently represented every bit √y. The square root is used in many different mathematical and scientific functions, such as the pythagorean theorem, which calculates the length of the hypotenuse of a right angle triangle.

Now that you have a solid understanding of what the square root is, let'southward dive into how to calculate the foursquare root using Python!

Want to learn something else? Want to learn how to calculate the standard deviation in Python? Bank check out my in-depth tutorial hither!

Python Foursquare Root Using math.sqrt

To calculate the foursquare root in Python, you can employ the built-in math library's sqrt() part. This makes it very easy to write and to help readers of your code understand what it is yous're doing.

The sqrt() function takes merely a unmarried parameter, which represents the value of which you lot want to summate the square root. Let's take a look at a practical example:

# Using the sqrt() part to calculate a square root from math import sqrt  number = 25 square_root = sqrt(number)  impress(square_root)  # Returns: 5.0

Let'south explore what we've done here:

We imported sqrt from math
We alleged a variable number, holding the integer value of 25
We used the sqrt function to create a new variable square_root
Finally, we printed the value of square_root, which gave united states the value of v.0

Something important to note hither is that the foursquare root returned is a floating betoken value. This is considering for most numbers (other than those chosen perfect squares), the value returned is not a groovy integer value. Afterward in this tutorial, you'll learn how to create an integer square root. If you lot desire to skip ahead, click here.

Check out some other Python tutorials on datagy, including our consummate guide to styling Pandas and our comprehensive overview of Pin Tables in Pandas!

Python Foursquare Root Using Exponentiation

In an before section of this tutorial, you learned that the square root is the base of a foursquare number. Similarly, we can write the square root of a number north equally n^i/2 .

In Python, we tin enhance whatsoever number to a particular power using the exponent operator **.

Let's see how nosotros can get the Python square root without using the math library:

# Use exponents to summate a foursquare root number = 25 square_root = number**(1/2)  print(square_root) # Returns: 5.0

You can see here that this returns the aforementioned value as if we had used the sqrt() role.

Similarly, nosotros could likewise take written number**0.5.

Important tip: If you lot're using Python ii, you will need to ensure yous're using float division and write number**(1./2). This is because Python 2 floors to an integer. As such, simply writing number**(one/2) would actually result in number**(0).

Foursquare Root Limitations – Negative Numbers and Nada

In the two sections beneath, you'll learn virtually 2 special cases of foursquare roots. In particular, you lot'll learn how to calculate the foursquare root of zero, likewise equally what happens when yous endeavor to summate the square root of a negative number!

Calculate the Square Root of Cypher Using Python

At present, let'south encounter how nosotros can use Python to calculate the value of the foursquare root of naught. Nosotros tin can do this, again, using the sqrt() function:

# Calculating the foursquare root of zero from math import sqrt  number = 0 square_root = sqrt(number)  print(square_root)  # Returns: 0.0

We tin can encounter from the example above that calculating the square root of zero does not crusade an error.

Calculating the Square Root of Negative Numbers with Python

Finally, permit's take a look at what happens when we endeavour to calculate the square root of negative numbers with Python. Y'all'll remember, from the earlier department, that squares are always positive numbers. So, what happens when we try to take the square root of a negative number? Let' give this a shot!

# Computing the square root of a negative number  from math import sqrt  number = -25 square_root = sqrt(number)  print(square_root) # Returns: ValueError: math domain mistake

We can run into that trying to calculate the square root of a negative number returns a ValueError. The reason that this happens is because the foursquare root of negative numbers only don't be!

In the next section, you'll larn how to calculate the integer square root.

Python Integer Foursquare Root

In that location may be times when y'all want to return an integer value when yous are calculating the square root of a value. Keep in mind, that unless y'all're working with specific numbers ("perfect squares"), this won't be the true square root of that number.

Python'southward math library comes with a special part chosen isqrt(), which allows you to calculate the integer square root of a number.

Let's see how this is done:

# Computing the integer square root with Python from math import isqrt  number = 27 square_root = isqrt(number)  print(square_root)  # Returns: 5

Similar to our case of using the sqrt() function, the isqrt() returned a value. When we passed in 27, the function returned 5! This is odd, since that's actually the square root of 25.

The reason for this is that the isqrt() floors the value to its nearest integer.

Determination

In this post, you lot learned how to use Python to summate a square root, both with and without the math.sqrt() function. You as well learned what a square root is, what some of its limitations are, as well as how to calculate a Python integer foursquare root.

To learn more almost the math.sqrt() function, bank check out the official documentation here.